State-wise Land Unit Converter
Convert bigha, katha, biswa, guntha and other local units using your state's value.
One bigha is 27,000 square feet in Uttar Pradesh, 14,400 in West Bengal, 8,712 in Himachal Pradesh and 9,075 in Punjab. Converting land units without specifying the state is how transactions go wrong. This converter asks for the state first and shows every local unit used there.
What are you converting?
Result
Fill in the fields above and your result will appear here.
What the State-wise Land Unit Converter does
Traditional Indian land units — bigha, katha, biswa, dhur, chatak, lessa — were never standardised nationally. They developed regionally, and revenue records still use them. Some states additionally distinguish pucca from kachha bigha, differing by a factor of nearly three.
Units such as kanal, marla, guntha, cent and ground are more consistent, because they derive from fixed fractions of an acre. Those are marked as exact in the results.
How to use this tool
- Select the state where the land is located, not where you live.
- Enter the quantity and choose the unit as it appears in your documents.
- Read the square-foot and acre equivalents, which are the units most transactions and construction estimates use.
- Check the local units table to see every unit used in that state and what each is worth.
- Cross-check against the area on the registered document before acting on the conversion.
Formula and method
Square feet = Quantity × Square feet per unit in that state
Then: Acres = Square feet ÷ 43,560
Hectares = Square feet ÷ 107,639.10
Gaj = Square feet ÷ 9
Examples of regional variation for one bigha:
Uttar Pradesh 27,000 sq ft West Bengal 14,400 sq ft
Bihar 27,220 sq ft Assam 14,400 sq ft
Rajasthan 27,225 sq ft Himachal 8,712 sq ft
Punjab 9,075 sq ft Madhya Pradesh 12,000 sq ft
Worked example
Example: 2 bigha in Uttar Pradesh
| Square feet | 54,000 |
| Acres | 1.2397 |
| Biswa | 40 |
| Square yards (gaj) | 6,000 |
The same 2 bigha in West Bengal would be 28,800 square feet — barely half. This is why a listing quoting bigha without a state is close to meaningless.
What your result means
Square feet is the safest common unit. If you are comparing plots across states, convert everything to square feet first.
Units marked "exact" — kanal, marla, guntha, cent, ground — derive from fixed fractions of an acre and do not vary regionally.
The state note matters. Several states use both pucca and kachha versions of the same unit, and revenue records usually mean one specific one.
Important considerations
- Pucca and kachha bigha differ substantially in Rajasthan, Haryana and parts of Uttar Pradesh. Revenue records normally mean pucca — confirm which is intended.
- District practice can differ from state practice, particularly in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Uttarakhand.
- Agricultural land is usually recorded in local units while urban plots are quoted in square feet or gaj. The same parcel may be described both ways.
- When buying, insist on the area in square feet or square metres in the agreement, alongside the local unit.
- State land records portals publish the official area for a surveyed parcel. That figure governs, not any conversion.
Limitations of this tool
- Values are the commonly used regional conventions. Where a district uses a different measure, the conversion will be wrong for that district.
- It converts area only. Frontage, shape and access — which drive value far more than area alone — are not addressed.
- It cannot verify what unit your document actually means. Where a deed is ambiguous, a licensed surveyor or the revenue office should be consulted.
Frequently asked questions
How many square feet is 1 bigha?
It depends entirely on the state. Uttar Pradesh uses about 27,000 sq ft, West Bengal 14,400, Punjab 9,075 and Himachal Pradesh 8,712. Select your state above to get the right value.
How many bigha in one acre?
Again, state-dependent. In Uttar Pradesh roughly 1.6 bigha make an acre; in West Bengal about 3.0; in Punjab about 4.8. There is no national answer.
What is the difference between pucca and kachha bigha?
Pucca bigha is the larger, officially recorded measure; kachha bigha is a smaller local variant, sometimes a third or half the size. Rajasthan, Haryana and parts of Uttar Pradesh use both. Revenue records normally mean pucca.
Is one cent the same everywhere?
Yes. A cent is exactly one-hundredth of an acre, or 435.6 square feet, and does not vary regionally. The same is true of guntha, kanal, marla and ground.